Georgia has an ancient tradition of education, as is indicated by the existence of the School of Philosophy and Rhetoric of Phazisi in the Georgian Kingdom of Colchis (fourth century A.D.), as well as the setting up of cultural enlightenment centres in Palestine (fifth century), Syria (sixth century), Greece (tenth to fifteenth centuries) and Bulgaria (eleventh century). Philosophy, astronomy, mathematics, rhetoric and music were taught at the Gelati and Ikalto Academies (eleventh and twelfth centuries).

Education has become the focus and priority of the Georgian Government since 2004. Changes in the curriculum, teaching and learning methodologies, student assessment, teaching and learning materials and professional development of teachers have significantly improved education level in the country.